Power Flow Analysis in The Electricity System Of Riau Province (UP3 Pekanbaru)

Abstract

The increasing demand for electrical energy in the UP3 Pekanbaru area of Riau Province requires a reliable power system with acceptable voltage quality and minimal power losses. This study presents a power flow analysis of the UP3 Pekanbaru electrical system to evaluate voltage profiles, power flow characteristics, and system losses using the Gauss–Seidel method implemented in ETAP 16.0. The simulation results indicate that the Garuda Sakti Bus functions as the slack bus, supplying 98.187 MW of active power and 30.412 MVAr of reactive power. An undervoltage condition of 91.174% was identified at the Bangkinang Bus, exceeding the SPLN voltage tolerance limit of ±5%. The total system losses were recorded as 1,843.6 kW of active power and 8,431.8 kVAr of reactive power, with the highest losses occurring on the transmission line connected to the Bangkinang Bus. To improve system performance, a 20 MVAr shunt capacitor was installed at the Bangkinang Bus. The results show that the voltage level increased to 100.3%, while reactive power flow and system losses decreased significantly. These findings demonstrate that reactive power compensation is effective in improving voltage quality, efficiency, and reliability of the UP3 Pekanbaru electrical system.